Ders çalışırken müzik dinlerim.
English: I listen to music while studying.
- Language
- Turkish
- Level
- B1
- Unit
- Fiilimsiler ve Ortaçlar
- Practice types
- 0
What this grammar point covers
Zarf-fiiller (also called gerunds or adverbial participles) are special verb forms in Turkish that act like adverbs. They show how, when, why, or under what condition an action happens.
When to use it
Use zarf-fiiller in Turkish to connect two actions in a sentence, to show time, reason, condition, or manner. They help you say when or how something happens, or link actions together.
Key forms
- -ken (e.g., yaparken)
- -ince/-ınca/-unca/-ünce (e.g., gelince)
- -dikçe/-dıkça (e.g., gördükçe)
- -meden/-madan (e.g., gitmeden)
- -ip (e.g., okuyup)
Examples
Eve gelince arayacağım.
English: I will call when I come home.
Seni gördükçe mutlu oluyorum.
English: I become happy whenever I see you.
Kahvaltı yapmadan okula gittim.
English: I went to school without having breakfast.
Kitabı okuyup bitirdim.
English: I finished by reading the book.
Tips
- The verb stem changes slightly for each zarf-fiil ending. Pay attention to vowel harmony.
- Don't use a subject for the zarf-fiil part if it's the same as the main verb.
- Zarf-fiil forms do not take tense or person endings.