Ik heb mijn huiswerk gemaakt.
English: I have done my homework.
- Language
- Dutch
- Level
- B2
- Unit
- Werkwoordstijden en modale constructies
- Practice types
- 0
What this grammar point covers
In Dutch, auxiliary verbs (hulpwerkwoorden) are verbs that help to form different tenses, moods, or voices. They are used with a main verb to create meanings like the future, the passive, necessity, or possibility.
When to use it
Use Dutch auxiliary verbs to form perfect tenses (like 'I have eaten'), to talk about the future, to express ability, permission, necessity, or wishes. They always come before the main verb, which is usually at the end of the sentence.
Key forms
- hebben
- zijn
- zullen
- kunnen
- moeten
- mogen
- willen
Examples
Zij kan goed zwemmen.
English: She can swim well.
We zullen morgen vertrekken.
English: We will leave tomorrow.
Je moet dit proberen.
English: You must try this.
Mag ik hier zitten?
English: May I sit here?
Tips
- The main verb is often at the end of the sentence when using an auxiliary verb.
- Some auxiliaries (like 'hebben' and 'zijn') are used to form perfect tenses. Know which verbs use 'hebben' or 'zijn'!
- Do not use two modal auxiliaries together in one clause.
Exceptions and edge cases
- Some verbs use 'zijn' instead of 'hebben' in the perfect tense, usually verbs of movement or change.
- Word order can change in subordinate clauses: auxiliaries come at the end.