Turkish grammar: ayrılma hali

What this grammar point covers

The 'ayrılma hali' in Turkish is called the ablative case. It shows movement away from a place, person, or thing, or indicates the source of something.

When to use it

Use the ayrılma hali to express movement away from somewhere (like 'from the house'), to indicate the source of something, or to talk about separation or origin.

Key forms

• -dan/-den/-tan/-ten is added to the end of nouns.
• The ending changes according to vowel harmony and consonant harmony.
• Examples: evden, okuldan, şehirden, parktan

Examples

Tips

• Remember to use the correct ending (-dan, -den, -tan, -ten) based on vowel and consonant harmony.
• Do not confuse the ayrılma hali with the direction case (-a/-e, dative).
• Use ayrılma hali only when you mean 'from' or 'out of'.

Exceptions and edge cases

• Some place names may drop a vowel or change slightly before adding the ending.
• If the noun ends with a vowel, only the consonant part (-dan, -den) is added without an extra buffer letter.