He visitado Madrid este año.
English: I have visited Madrid this year.
- Language
- Spanish
- Level
- B1
- Unit
- Tiempos pasados
- Practice types
- 0
What this grammar point covers
The 'pretérito perfecto' in Spanish is a tense used to talk about actions that have happened recently or have a connection to the present.
When to use it
Use the 'pretérito perfecto' to talk about actions completed in a time period that includes the present (like today, this week), or for experiences that are relevant now.
Key forms
- Form: haber (present) + past participle
- Example: he comido, has vivido, hemos hablado
Examples
¿Has visto la película?
English: Have you seen the movie?
Hemos terminado el trabajo hoy.
English: We have finished the work today.
Mis amigos han llegado tarde.
English: My friends have arrived late.
Tips
- Always use the correct form of 'haber' before the past participle.
- The past participle usually ends in -ado (for -ar verbs) or -ido (for -er/-ir verbs).
- Do not use 'haber' as a main verb; it is only an auxiliary in this tense.
Exceptions and edge cases
- Some past participles are irregular, like 'escrito' (from escribir), 'visto' (from ver), or 'hecho' (from hacer).