English grammar: Present simple

What this grammar point covers

The present simple is an English verb tense used to talk about regular actions, facts, and routines.

When to use it

Use the present simple for things that are always true, habits, routines, and facts.

Key forms

• I/You/We/They + base verb (e.g. work, play)
• He/She/It + base verb + -s (e.g. works, plays)
• Do/Does + subject + base verb (for questions)
• Do/Does + not + base verb (for negatives)

Examples

Tips

• Add -s or -es to the verb when the subject is he, she, or it.
• Use 'do' or 'does' to make questions and negatives.
• Do not use the present simple for actions happening right now.

Exceptions and edge cases

• For verbs ending in -y after a consonant, change -y to -ies (e.g. study → studies).
• Some verbs have irregular forms (e.g. have → has).