Nachdem ich gegessen hatte, bin ich ins Kino gegangen.
English: After I had eaten, I went to the cinema.
- Language
- German
- Level
- B1
- Unit
- Zeitformen und Modi
- Practice types
- 0
What this grammar point covers
The Plusquamperfekt is a German past tense used to talk about actions that happened before another action in the past.
When to use it
Use the Plusquamperfekt to describe something that had already happened before another event in the past. It often appears with the Präteritum or Perfekt to show which action happened first.
Key forms
- hatte/war + Partizip II
- Ich hatte gegessen.
- Du warst gegangen.
Examples
Sie hatte das Buch gelesen, bevor der Unterricht begann.
English: She had read the book before the class began.
Wir waren schon gegangen, als er ankam.
English: We had already left when he arrived.
Du hattest deinen Schlüssel verloren.
English: You had lost your key.
Tips
- Always use 'hatte' or 'war' (the simple past of 'haben' or 'sein') as the auxiliary verb.
- The Partizip II (past participle) comes at the end of the sentence.
- Use 'war' with verbs of movement or change of state, like 'gehen', 'fahren', 'werden'.
Exceptions and edge cases
- Some verbs use 'war' instead of 'hatte' as the auxiliary, usually verbs of movement or change.