Language
English
Level
B2
Unit
Modal Verbs
Practice types
0

What this grammar point covers

Modal verbs for ability are special verbs in English (like 'can', 'could', 'be able to') that show if someone is able to do something, or was able to do something in the past.

When to use it

Use these forms to talk about what you or someone else is able to do now, in the past, or in the future. 'Can' is for present. 'Could' is for past general ability or polite requests. 'Be able to' is used for other tenses or when 'can/could' don't fit.

Key forms

  • 'can' + base verb (for present ability): I can swim.
  • 'could' + base verb (for past general ability): She could read when she was five.
  • 'be able to' + base verb (for all tenses): He will be able to help.

Examples

She can speak three languages.

I could run very fast when I was a child.

Will you be able to come tomorrow?

He wasn't able to finish the test in time.

Tips

  • Use 'can' for things you are able to do now.
  • Use 'could' for abilities in the past, but not for one specific event.
  • 'Be able to' is needed for future, present perfect, or past perfect tenses.

Exceptions and edge cases

  • 'Could' is not usually used for one specific past event. Use 'was/were able to' or 'managed to' instead.

Verify this grammar point in English reference sources

Cross-check the rule and examples in established native references. Each link opens in a new tab.

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